Ragging Complaint in India: How to Report and Get Justice

By Advocate Ganta Surya Kiran | 19 Law Chambers, Visakhapatnam | Legal Awareness

Ragging is not a harmless tradition it is a form of abuse that causes severe physical and psychological harm. Furthermore, Indian law and the Supreme Court treat ragging as a serious offence with consequences including expulsion from college, criminal prosecution, and imprisonment. Moreover, colleges and universities that fail to prevent ragging face regulatory action from UGC. Consequently, every student who faces ragging has multiple legal remedies available and should use them without hesitation. Advocate Ganta Surya Kiran at 19 Law Chambers guides ragging victims and their families through every step of the complaint process.

What Constitutes Ragging Under Indian Law?

The Supreme Court in Vishwa Jagriti Mission v. Central Government (2001) defined ragging broadly. Specifically, ragging includes: any disorderly conduct by students that causes or is likely to cause physical or psychological harm to a fellow student, teasing, treating, or handling a student in a manner that affects dignity, using criminal force, wrongful restraint, or criminal intimidation against a student, and any act that has the effect of derailing a student’s academic routine. Importantly, ragging is not limited to physical violence — verbal abuse, forced acts, humiliation, and psychological torture are equally actionable.

Immediate Actions for Ragging Victims

Step 1 — Report to the Anti-Ragging Committee Immediately Every educational institution in India must have an Anti-Ragging Committee (ARC) and an Anti-Ragging Squad mandated by UGC regulations. Furthermore, report to the ARC in writing immediately not verbally. Moreover, submit your written complaint with: date and time of incident, names of accused students, witnesses, nature of the ragging, and any photographs or recordings. Consequently, a written complaint creates an official record that the institution cannot ignore or suppress.

Step 2 — Call the National Anti-Ragging Helpline Call 1800-180-5522 — the 24-hour National Anti-Ragging Helpline operated by UGC. Furthermore, register your complaint online at antiragging.in. Moreover, helpline complaints trigger automatic notices to the institution they cannot ignore UGC-reported complaints. Consequently, helpline registration simultaneously alerts both the institution and the UGC.

Step 3 — File Police FIR Ragging involving physical violence, sexual abuse, or criminal intimidation are cognizable offences. Specifically file FIR under: Section 323 IPC (voluntarily causing hurt), Section 506 IPC (criminal intimidation), Section 354 IPC (outraging modesty for sexual harassment during ragging), and Section 341 IPC (wrongful restraint). Moreover, police cannot refuse to register an FIR for ragging offences involving cognizable acts. Read: How to File FIR India.

Step 4 — File Complaint With UGC File a formal complaint with the UGC’s Anti-Ragging Cell specifically at ugc.ac.in. Furthermore, attach all evidence written complaint to institution, institutional response or non-response, medical records of injuries, and helpline complaint reference. Moreover, UGC can direct institutions to expel accused students, debar them from examinations, and withdraw institutional recognition for persistent failures to address ragging.

Step 5 — Approach High Court if Institution Does Not Act If the institution suppresses your complaint, fails to act within reasonable time, or retaliates against you file a Writ Petition before the High Court of Andhra Pradesh. Specifically, the High Court issues directions to both the institution and the UGC to take immediate action. Read: Writ Petition High Court AP.

Punishment for Ragging — UGC Regulations

UGC Anti-Ragging Regulations 2009 prescribe specific punishments for convicted ragging offenders. Specifically: suspension from college for specified period, expulsion from the institution, withholding of results, debarment from exams, cancellation of admission, and FIR registration. Furthermore, the severity of punishment depends on the nature and gravity of the ragging incident. Moreover, even non-physical ragging humiliation, forced actions, verbal abuse results in institutional punishment.

Rights of Accused Students — Fair Process Required

While ragging must be taken seriously accused students also have rights. Specifically: the right to know the exact allegations against them, the right to be heard before any punishment is imposed, the right to present their version of events, and the right to appeal against institutional decisions. Moreover, institutions cannot punish students without following a fair inquiry process automatic expulsion without inquiry is legally challengeable. Consequently, accused students who believe they are falsely implicated should engage an advocate immediately.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: What if the institution tells me ragging didn’t happen and closes the complaint?
Do not accept this outcome silently. Furthermore, immediately escalate to the UGC Anti-Ragging Cell at ugc.ac.in. Moreover, simultaneously file a police FIR if the acts constituted cognizable offences. Additionally, approach the High Court of AP if both the institution and UGC fail to act. Consequently, multiple simultaneous escalations prevent any single authority from suppressing your complaint.

Q: I am afraid to complain because the seniors might harm me more. What should I do?
Your fear is understandable and it is precisely why the anti-ragging framework includes multiple confidential complaint channels. Specifically, call the helpline 1800-180-5522 you can report without identifying yourself. Furthermore, request a transfer to a different hostel or section from the institution immediately as a protective measure. Additionally, contact Advocate Ganta Surya Kiran at 19 Law Chambers for guidance on protective measures available before filing the formal complaint.

Q: Can I get compensation for injuries suffered during ragging?
Yes — file a civil suit against the accused students and the institution for compensation. Moreover, institutions that failed to prevent ragging are specifically liable for compensation under common law negligence principles. Free legal aid: NALSA — nalsa.gov.in | Free Legal Aid in AP.

Also read: Police Harassment Complaint India | POCSO Act India | Best Lawyers in Vizag

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